The types of blowers are mainly classified according to their working principles and structures. The common ones are as follows:
Positive displacement blower
Roots blower
also known as positive displacement rotary blower. The air inlet is separated by a pair of mutually meshing equal diameter rotors. Driven by synchronous gears, they move in opposite directions at the same speed to compress the inhaled gas and push it from the air inlet to the exhaust port. Roots blowers have a simple structure and stable performance. They can maintain a stable flow rate when the pipe network resistance changes, but they are noisy, have high energy consumption, and have gas leakage.
Screw blower
Two parallel yin and yang rotors mesh with each other in an "∞"-shaped cylinder to form a working volume. The synchronous gears make the rotors rotate in the opposite direction at high speed to achieve gas compression and transportation. The screw blower has convenient control of displacement and output pressure, and strong anti-pollution ability, but it is prone to leakage and the screw is easy to wear.
Turbine blower
Centrifugal blower
According to the number of impellers, it can be divided into single-stage centrifugal blower and multi-stage centrifugal blower. The working principle of the centrifugal blower is that the motor drives the fan impeller to rotate, so that the gas between the blades is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and the external gas is sucked in through the negative pressure formed in the middle of the impeller to achieve the purpose of continuous blowing. Centrifugal blowers have the characteristics of high efficiency, low noise, stable operation, and a wider range of boost and flow parameters.
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Single-stage centrifugal blower
including single-stage gear speed increase blower. The single-stage gear speed increase blower adopts the three-dimensional flow theory design, with a short flow channel, small loss, high efficiency, and an axial air intake guide vane adjustment device in the structure, so that it can also achieve a high operating efficiency under low load conditions. However, the high speed has high noise, the gearbox structure is complex, and the maintenance cost is high.
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Multi-stage centrifugal blower
The single-stage centrifugal boost is limited at conventional speeds, and the boost requirements can be achieved by using a multi-stage series connection method. Multi-stage low-speed centrifugal blowers generally refer to centrifugal blowers whose rotors consist of two or more impellers connected in series on a main shaft. Compared with Roots blowers, multi-stage centrifugal blowers have lower noise, smooth operation, and uniform air supply, but they are large in size, heavy in weight, poor in flow regulation performance, low in efficiency, high in energy consumption, and inconvenient in maintenance.
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Air suspension centrifugal blower
It consists of centrifugal impellers and flow-through components, air suspension bearings, high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors, and control systems. The air suspension blower uses a dynamic pressure air suspension bearing to form an air film between the main shaft and the bearing to achieve the function of shaft suspension. The air suspension centrifugal blower is energy-efficient and maintenance-free, with convenient operation and control, but the main shaft has dry friction problems at low speeds and cannot be started and stopped frequently.
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Magnetic suspension centrifugal blower
The main structure includes precision impellers, magnetic suspension bearings, and intelligent control systems. The magnetic suspension blower uses an active magnetic suspension bearing to achieve rotor suspension under the action of controllable magnetic field attraction and is directly driven by a high-speed motor. Magnetic suspension centrifugal blowers also have the advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, low noise, intelligent control, high cooling efficiency and maintenance-free. However, the magnetic suspension bearing control system is relatively complex, the product technology content is high, and supplementary measures are required to deal with the failure of bearing performance during power outages.
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